ABSTRACT
Objectives: To evaluate the profile of the drugs for continuous use prescribed in Primary Health Care (PHC) in Santa Rosa / RS and to identify presence in the official lists of essential drugs. Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical and quantitative study, with analysis of the digital prescriptions of users of primary health care in Santa Rosa. There was no gender restriction and patients who used at least one chronic drug were included. Data were collected through a printed report from users. Results: The study included 642 participants, with a mean age of 60.40±14.48, 64.3% were female and 47.4%, using polypharmacy. A total of 3.009 drugs were identified, with an average of 4.69±2.82 medications/prescription. There was a higher frequency of the cardiovascular system (46.9%), nervous system (16.8%) and digestive tract and metabolism (14.8%). The most commonly used drugs were hydrochlorothiazide, fluoxetine and omeprazole. Regarding the presence of drugs in the official lists, 90.9% are in RENAME and 90.8% in REMUME, and 80% of users have obtained full access to medicines. In the prescriptions, 0.3% contained antibiotics, 1.3% injectable drugs and all drugs were prescribed by the generic name and in a computerized way. Conclusions: The pharmacotherapeutic profile is similar to the national reality and most indicators are as recommended by the WHO, demonstrating the organization of the PA of the city, which facilitates the access of users to essential medicines. However, there was a high number of drugs per prescription and presence of polypharmacy, evidencing the importance of access to it as well as the promotion of the rational use of these drugs.
ABSTRACT
Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o perfil de consumo de medicamentos e identificar fatores associados entre adultos que aguardavam por atendimento na sala de espera de três unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) do município de Santa Rosa-RS. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, analítico e descritivo. A coleta de dados foi realizada durante três semanas no mês de agosto de 2014, uma semana em cada unidade. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente através do teste Anova, seguido de Test T de Student para as amostras independentes. Identificou-se entre os entrevistados que 58,95% utilizam medicamentos de forma contínua, com média de 2,08 medicamentos/indivíduo. Entre as variáveis relacionadas ao uso contínuo de medicamento observaram-se a faixa etária, acima de 50 anos, presença de doença crônica, escolaridade e frequência de uso dos serviços da unidade de saúde. Entre as variáveis que não apresentaram relação identificaram-se prevalência de mulheres (86,03%), uso correto dos medicamentos (83,84%), o recebimento de orientações para o uso de medicamentos (96,07%), os que referiram cuidar da alimentação (73,36%) e o sedentarismo (71,62%). Garantir acesso a medicamentos encontra- se entre as diretrizes do SUS, porém, é responsabilidade do serviço de saúde promover a utilização desses produtos de forma eficaz e segura. Como estratégia para estes objetivos apresenta-se a sensibilização e capacitação das equipes de saúde e o incentivo à corresponsabilização do usuário de medicamentos sobre o seu tratamento, processo que pode ser desenvolvido através da educação em saúde e do matriciamento, sendo fundamental a participação do farmacêutico nesse processo, apoiando e apoiado pela equipe de saúde de cada unidade.
This study's objective is to describe the medication use profile and identify factors associated with medication use among adults waiting for medical care in the waiting rooms of three units of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Santa Rosa, RS. This is a cross-sectional, analytical, and descriptive study. Data collection was carried out over three weeks in August 2014, one week in each unit. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by the Student's t-test for the independent samples. It was observed that 58.95% of those interviewed use medication continuously, with a mean use of 2.08 medications/individual. Among the variables correlated with continuous drug use, we observed: the over-50 age group, chronic disease, educational level, and frequency of use of the health unit services. Among the variables with no observed correlation, we identified: a prevalence of women (86.03%), correct use of medications (83.84%), having received guidance on the use of medications (96.07%), those who reported healthy eating (73.36%), and sedentary lifestyle (71.62%). Ensuring access to medications is one of the guidelines of the Brazilian Public Health System, however, it is the health service's responsibility to promote the effective and safe use of these products. A strategy for meeting these objectives includes increased awareness and training of health professionals, and encouraging the co-responsibility of medication users regarding their treatment. This process can be developed through education in health, with participation of the pharmacist in this process, supporting and supported by the health team of each unit.
Subject(s)
Health Education , Drug Utilization , Family Health , Pharmacoepidemiology , Polypharmacy , Public Health SurveillanceABSTRACT
Os medicamentos representam um dos itens mais importantes da atenção à saúde do idoso. Estes particularmente utilizam múltiplos medicamentos apresentando mais reações adversas. O estudo objetivou avaliar o perfil do consumo de medicamentos por idosos. Desenvolveu-se um estudo epidemiológico transversal mediante entrevistas domiciliares, numa amostra aleatória de 294 idosos, residentes em Santa Rosa, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os idosos representam 9 por cento da população. Os resultados evidenciaram consumo médio de 2,79 medicamentos por idoso. O coeficiente de prevalência do uso de medicamentos na última semana foi de 82 por cento, dos 827 medicamentos utilizados pelos idosos 794 (96 por cento), foram prescritos. As classes farmacológicas mais utilizadas foram os anti-hipertensivos (21,3 por cento) e diuréticos (11,3 por cento). A prevalência do uso de medicamentos foi comparável ao encontrado em outros estudos, confirmando a importância dos medicamentos na atenção à saúde do idoso. A porcentagem de medicamentos utilizados sem prescrição médica foi baixa. Os medicamentos e forma de apresentação mais freqüentemente relatados foram os usualmente prescritos e dispensados gratuitamente na rede básica de saúde do município que está estruturada há mais de 10 anos com quase 100 por cento de cobertura.
Medicines are one of the most important health care items for the elderly, who are particularly prone to use multiple drugs with a higher number of adverse reactions. The current study aimed to assess the profile of pharmaceutical consumption by the elderly. A cross-sectional epidemiological study used household interviews in a random sample of 294 elderly living in Santa Rosa, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The elderly represent 9 percent of the local population. The results showed a mean consumption of 2.79 medicines per individual. The prevalence rate for use of medicines in the previous week was 82 percent, and of the 827 medicines used by the elderly, 794 (96 percent) had been prescribed. The most widely used pharmacological classes were anti-hypertensives (21.3 percent) and diuretics (11.3 percent). Prevalence of pharmaceutical use was comparable to the results from other studies, thus confirming the importance of medicines in the health of the elderly. The percentage of medicines used without a medical prescription was low. The most frequently reported medicines and formulations were those usually prescribed and dispensed free of cost in the municipal basic health care system, which has been organized for more than 10 years, with coverage of nearly 100 percent.